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Judaism: Beliefs And Practices
You Are To Write a Formal Essay Using The Seven Rubrics Developed By Young (The World’s Religions) For Comparing/Contrasting Religions.
There are a variety of religions in the world with different beliefs and views. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are some of the major religions of the world, and all these three religious sects with differing beliefs in God and they have different ideas about their religious aspects and values. The present essay is based on the seven questions raised by William P. Young in his book ‘The World’s Religions.’ The author described his opinion about Islam and provided detailed information and a comparison of the world’s famous religions.
Christianity believes in one eternal God who is the creator of all wonderful things, that are around us. The Islamic religion believes in Allah who is infinitely superior and transcendent to humankind. However, Judaism believes that there is only one God and that God is called Yahweh. Like these different thoughts about god, these three different religions have different views and ideas about the world and people. The present essay compares and contrasts these three religions and their ideas about God and spiritual beliefs based on the book of William P. Young (Young, 1995).
Judaism is one of the modern religions and it is based on the relationship of Jewish people with their God. William Young in his book described that people of Judaism religions believe that they are supported, blessed, and challenged by God (Young, 1995). Loving people are the greatest people of Jewish social life and the founding inspiration of this Judaism community. In current times Israel is the major country that supports the Jewish community and accepts that all the Jewish people in the world are citizens of Israel (Rubens, 2019). The Judaism people also believe that there is a single God who created the universe and every Jewish person has a personal relationship with God (Young, 1995). They believe that God has a covenant relationship with people and for this relationship, God has done many good works and continues to think well about the Jewish people (Young, 1995). The Jewish community believes that God is almighty and present everywhere in the world and God affects everything that people do in their lives (Stroumsa, 2014). Apart from this, the Judaism community believes that God appointed Jews to show the ethical and spiritual way of life to the Jewish people by showing ethical and holy behavior to the world. Judaism generally means living the faith and it is also considerable that almost everything that Jewish people do is an act of worship (Young, 1995). Young described in his book that people of Judaism believe that a Jew is someone who is the son of a Jewish mother. However, Judaism has a very wide range of ideas and religious beliefs about God and they think that God does not have a body, which means God has neither a male nor female. As Judaism religion, Christianity and Muslim religion believe in a single God concept and they think that God has supernatural powers. It is also possible in Judaism that if a person is not born in a Jewish community, then he or she can be converted to Judaism. The Judaism religion believes that God is beyond everyone and is transcendent. The Judaism people also believe in “The Hebrew Tanakh’ which is a holy script and is similar to Christians’ Old Testament Hebrew: ‘Law. Judaism religion people follow their holy script and believe that an ordinary Jew is not the Messiah or a divine person (Young, 1995). Other religions like Hinduism and Jainism believe that their God has supernatural powers and they can do anything (Hunt, Walter & Hamilton, 2016).
Christianity: Beliefs And Practices
As Judaism people believe in a collective and participative relationship with the eternal God through their traditions, thoughts, rituals, and ethical activities and assume that God is one, the Christian people believe in a Triune God. Christians believe in God in human form which is rejected by the Judaism religion because they believe in a single God concept. However, William Young described in his book the eternal God of all these three religions and said that the one thing that is common in all three religions is that all have a belief in a single God (Young, 1995). The founder of Christianity religion has been assumed to be Jesus Christ while Judaism believes that Abraham was their religious founder. Christianity’s name was taken from the Greek word ‘Christos’, which means Jesus Christ (Zellentin, 2019). The Christian religion has three main groups Orthodox, Protestant, and Roman Catholic. Young also mentioned in his book that, unlike Judaism and Islam which reject the concept of original sin, the Christian religion believes that Jesus Christ atoned for our sins after his death on the cross. However, Christianity also believes in the concept of hell or heaven which is a place where people will be punished after their death for their sins and unethical acts (Young, 1995). However, Judaism believes in the Gehinnom or Gehenna where people will be punished for their sins and people may suffer temporary punishments or eternal punishments for their certain sins (Ray, Berman, Johnson, & Van-Buren III, 2014). There are large numbers of people in the world who believe in Christianity and belong to the Christian religion. Although the number of Muslim people in the world is maximum they believe in a different concept of life and God because of their different groups such as the Shia and Sunni group of Muslim people (Young, 1995). Although the Christian people have a deep and unconditional faith in Jesus Christ, Islam religion believes in Allah. However, more than 2200 million people belong to the Christian community and 1500 million people follow the Islamic religion all over the world. In comparison to these two religions, only 14 million people follow the Judaism religion in the world (Higgs, 2019).
One of the oldest religions ‘Islam’ is almost 570-632 AD old and the name of this religion was derived from the Arabic word ‘Salaam’ which means ‘peace’. The founder of this religion was ‘Mohammed’. The Shia and Sunni are two groups of Islamic religion who are fighting with each other for the legitimate successor of Prophet Mohammed. Apart from this, a spiritual austere movement in Islam is called Sufi. Islam is known for its rigorous faith in Allah and their aggressive beliefs and ideas about their God (Stott, 2017). They strictly follow their traditions and obey the Quran, which is the holy book of Islam (Idel & McGinn, 2016). The belief of Islam about God is almost similar to the other two religions Christianity and Judaism, because the Muslim people think that God is almighty, powerful, and merciful. The Muslim people think that Allah has guided humankind through prophets. The people in Islam believe that Allah is the only one and no one is even equal to Allah (Young, 1995). Unlike Christians and Judaism thought about God, Muslim people believe that there is no intermediary between Allah and his creation. Islamic people also believe in hell and heaven, which is based on the acts of people and also based on the spiritual and corporeal. The people in Islam believe in judgment day when people will be rewarded or punished based on their sins or ethical acts. The people in Islam also believe in Hajj, which is the pilgrimage to Mecca and is prescribed by the Quran to every Muslim person to visit once in their lifetime (Parsons, 2017).
In conclusion, it can be said that these three religions believe in one God concept, unlike the Hindu religion which has many more Gods and Goddesses. A large number of Christians and Jews almost believe in the same thoughts and ideas about their religion and have the single root of belief in the Bible. However, Islam believes in the Quran. All three religions have a prayer house where they pray from God, Allah, and Jesus Christ. However, the Muslim people celebrate a lot of festival days in comparison to the Christians and Judaism people. Christianity believes in a trinity of God the Father, while Muslim believes in Allah. In other words, it can be said these three religions have different way of opinions and ideas but all these though have somewhere same meaning and intention to stop people from committing crimes.
References
Higgs, E. T. (2019). Liberal Christianity and Women’s Global Activism: The YWCA of the USA and the Maryknoll Sisters, by Amanda L. Izzo. Religion and Gender, 9(1), 125-127.
Hunt, S. J., Walter, T., & Hamilton, M. (2016). Charismatic Christianity: Sociological Perspectives. Berlin, Germany: Springer.
Idel, M., & McGinn, B. (2016). Mystical union in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam: An ecumenical dialogue. UK: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Parsons, T. (2017). Christianity and modern industrial society. Sociological theory, values, and sociocultural change, 18(5), pp. 33-70.
Ray, D. E., Berman, S. L., Johnson, C. M. E., & Van-Buren III, H. J. (2014). Refining normative stakeholder theory: insights from Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 11(4), 331-356.
Rubens, H. M. (2019). Christianity and Judaism. Proceedings of the Catholic Theological Society of America, 74, 138-139.
Stott, J. (2017). Basic Christianity. Retrieved from: http://onthewing.org/user/Stott%20-%20Basic%20Christianity%20-%20Study%20Guide.pdf
Stroumsa, G. G. (2014). 3 Jewish Christianity and Islamic Origins. In Islamic Cultures, Islamic Contexts, 14(8), 72-96.
Comparing and Contrasting the Beliefs of Judaism Christianity and Islam
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